Layout drawing of a building using different layers and line colours indicating details using text commands
Theory:-
Layers:-
Layers are like transparent overlays on witch you organize and group different kinds of drawing information. The objects you create have common properties including colors, linetypes, and lineweights. An object can assume these properties from the layer it is drawn on, or properties can be specifically assigned to individual objects. Color helps you distinguish similar elements in your drawings, while linetypes help you differentiate easily between different drafting elements, such as centerlines or hidden lines. Lineweights represent the size or type of an object through width, enhancing your drawing and increasing legibility. Organization layers and the objects on layers makes it procedure:
Creating and Naming Layers:
You can create and name a layer for each conceptual grouping (such as walls or dimension) and assign common properties to those layers. By grouping objects into layers, you can control their display and make changes quickly and efficiently.
When you begin a new drawing, Auto CAD creates a special layer named 0. By default, layer 0 is assigned color number 7 ( White or black depending upon your background color), the CONTINOUS linetype, a lineweight of DEFAULT (the default setting for DEFAULT is. 01 inch or. 25 mm), and the Normal plot style. Layer 0 cannot be deleted or renamed.
To create a new layer
1. From the Format menu, choose Layer.
2. In the Layer properties Manager, choose New.
A new layer is displayed in the list with the temporary name LAYER1 .
3. Enter a new name.
4. To create more than one layer, choose New again, enter the new layer name, and press ENTER.
5. Choose OK.
Creates, loads, and sets linetypes:
If you enter – linetype at the Command prompt, LINETYPE displayed prompts on the command line.
Enter an option [?/Create/Load/ Set] :
?- List Linetypes
Displays the select Linetype File dialog
box (a standard file selection dialog box). After you select an LIN file, AutoCAD lists the linetypes available in a file.
Create
Create a new linetype and stores it in an LIN file.
Enter name of linetype to create:
AutoCAD displayed the create or Append Linetype File dialog box (a standard file selection dialog box). Specify the file to witch you want the linetype added. Descriptive text: Enter optional descriptive text
Enter a linetype description up to 47 characters long. The description can be a comment or a series of indercores, dots, dashes, and spaces to show a simple representation of the linetype pattern.
Enter linetype pattern (on next line):
A,
Enter a series of numbers separated by commas. Enter positive values to specify lengths of dashes and negative values to specify lengths of spaces. Use a zero to represent a dot.
The “A” in the pattern definition prompt specifies the pattern alignment used at the ends of individual lines, circles, and arcs. AutpCAD supports A-type alignment only. With A- type alignment, AutoCAD guarantees that lines and arcs start and end with a dash. The A is automatically included in the definition. If you use a text editor to create a line type, you must enter a at the beginning of the definition.
After creating a line type, you must load it to make it accessible.
You cannot create complex line types with LINETYPE. For more information, see chapter 2, “Line types and Hatch Patterns,” in the Customization Guide.
Load: Loads a line type whose definition exists in a file. The acad. Lin file contains the standard line types.
Enter line type (s) to load: Enter a name list
AutoCAD displays the load or Reload Line type dialog box. Enter or select the file in which the line type you want to load is stored.
Set:
Sets the current line type. You can control the line type of objects individually or by layer. Specifies line type name or [?]<current>:Enter a line type name, ? to list all loaded line type names, by layer, or block, or press ENTER
The line type you enter becomes the current line type. AutoCAD draws all new objects with this line type, regardless of the current layer. If the line type you request is not loaded, AutoCAD searches for its definition on the acad.lin file. If the type is neither loaded nor in acad.lin, AutoCAD reports this deficiency and returns you to the command prompt.
If you enter by layer, new objects inherit the line type associated with the layer on which the object is drawn. If you enter by block, new objects are drawn using the CONTINUOUS line type until type are grouped into a block. Whenever you insert that block, the objects inherit the line type of the block.
Lineweights:
There are 28 line weights available to apply to plot styles tables. If the line weight you need doesn’t exist in the list of line weights stored in the plot style tablr, you can edit an existing line weight. You can’t add or delete line weights from the list in the plot style table.
To edit a line weight
1 Double- click the plot style table file you want to edit to open it in the plot style Table Editor.
2 Choose either the Table View tab or the From View tab.
3 Choose Edit Line weights.
4 In the Edit Line weights dialog box, select the line weight you want to edit in the list. A check mark in the In Use column indicates which line weights have been assigned to plot styles in the plot style table file.
5 Edit the line weight value using any of the following methods:
Press ENTER, edit the value, and then press ENTER again. Press F2, edit the value, and and then press ENTER.
Choose Edit Line weight, edit the value, and then press ENTER. Right – click and Choose Edit. Edit the value, and then press ENTER. Click to insert a cursor, edit the value, and then press RNTER.
NOTE
If you change a line weight value, other plot styles that use the line weight also change.
6. Under Units for Listing, you can specify whether to display line weight in millimeters or inches.
7. Choose Sort Line weights to sort the list of line weights by value. When you edit a line weights to sort the list of line weights by value. When you edit a line weight value, it is rounded and displayed with a precision of four places past the decimal point. The precision is the same for both millimeters and inches. Line weight values must be zero or a positive number. If you create a line weight with a zero width, the line is plotted as thin as the plotter can create it. The maximum possible line weight value is 100 millimeters (approximately four inches). COLOR:
If you enter –color at the Command prompt, COLOR displays prompts on the command line.
Enter default object color<current>:
You can enter the color number(1though255) or the color name (the names for the first seven colors). For example, you can specify the color red by entering the ACI number 1 or the ACI name red.
You can also enter by layer or by block. If you enter by block, AutoCAD draws all new objects in the default color (white or black, depending on your background color) until they are grouped into a block. When you insert the block in a drawing, the objects in the block inherit the current setting of COLOR.
If you enter by layer, new objects assume the color assigned to the layer on which you create them. See the LAYER command for information about assigning a color to a layer.