Engineering Tutorials

PHY-453-E LASER TECHNOLOGY

Conditions for Producing Laser, Concept of coherence – Special and temporal,Population Inversions, Einstein coefficient, Gain and Gain saturation, Saturation intensity, Development and Growth of a Laser Beam, Exponential Growth factor, Threshold Requirement for a Laser.

Inversions and two-level systems, steady-state inversions and three and four-level systems. Transient Population Inversions, Factors effecting population inversion, Laser Amplifiers.

Excitation or Pumping Threshold Requirements, Pumping Pathways, Specific Excitation Parameters Associated with Optical and particle Pumping.

Helium-Neon Laser, Co₂ Laser, Ruby Laser, Semiconductor Diode Laser.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:

1. Laser Fundamentals by William T. Silfvast Cambridge

University, Press.

2. Introductory University Optics by John Beynon, (PHI)

3. Laser – B.B. Laud.

4. Optics – A.K. Ghatak (TMH)

Note : Eight questions will be set and students will be required

to attempt any five questions in all. All questions will carry equal marks.

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